What Opration For Repair Heart Ayota

Middle Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery

The heart is a pump made of muscle tissue. It has iv pumping chambers: 2 upper chambers, called atria, and 2 lower chambers, called ventricles. Valves between each of the heart's pumping chambers keep blood flowing forrad through the eye.

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Tricuspid valve.Located betwixt the right atrium and the right ventricle
Pulmonary valve.Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Mitral valve.Located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Aortic valve.Located between the left ventricle and the aorta

When valves are damaged or diseased and practice not work the mode they should they may demand to be repaired or replaced. Weather that may crusade heart valve dysfunction are valve stenosis (stiffness) and valve regurgitation (leaky valve).

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When one (or more than) valve(s) becomes stenotic (stiff), the heart has to work harder to pump the claret through the valve. Valves tin get narrow and potent from infection (such as rheumatic fever or staph) and aging. If 1 or more valves become leaky, blood leaks backwards, which ways less claret is pumped in the right direction. Based on your symptoms and the overall condition of your heart, your healthcare provider may decide that the diseased valve(s) needs to be surgically repaired or replaced.

Traditionally, open-center surgery is used to repair or replace heart valves. This ways that a large incision is fabricated in the breast and the heart stopped for a time so that the surgeon can repair or supersede the valve(southward). Newer, less invasive techniques take been adult to supervene upon or repair heart valves. Minimally invasive procedures make smaller incisions, and mean less pain afterward and shorter infirmary stays.

The diseased valve may exist repaired using a ring to support the damaged valve, or the entire valve may be removed and replaced by an artificial valve. Artificial valves may be made of carbon coated plastic or tissue (made from creature valves or human valves taken from donors). You and your healthcare provider will talk about the pros and cons of each type and what might be best for yous.

Why might I need middle valve repair or replacement surgery?

Valve repair or replacement surgery is done to correct the problems acquired by one or more diseased heart valves.

If your center valve(due south) becomes damaged or diseased, you lot may have the following symptoms:

Dizziness
Chest hurting
Breathing difficulties
Palpitations
Edema (swelling) of the anxiety, ankles, or abdomen (abdomen)
Rapid weight gain due to fluid retentiveness

There may be other reasons for your healthcare provider to recommend heart valve repair or replacement surgery.

What are the risks of heart valve repair or replacement surgery?

Possible risks of heart valve repair or replacement surgery include:

Haemorrhage during or after the surgery
Blood clots that can cause heart attack, stroke, or lung problems
Infection
Pneumonia
Pancreatitis
Breathing bug
Arrhythmias (abnormal centre rhythms)
The repaired or replaced valve doesn't work correctly
Death

There may be other risks depending on your specific medical condition. Be sure to discuss whatsoever concerns with your healthcare provider before the procedure.

How do I get ready for heart valve repair or replacement surgery?

Your healthcare provider volition explain the procedure and you tin ask questions.
You will be asked to sign a consent form that gives your permission to do the surgery. Read the course carefully and ask questions if annihilation is unclear.
Along with a complete medical history, your healthcare provider may do a complete physical exam to make sure that you are in otherwise good health before surgery. Y'all may need blood tests or other diagnostic tests.
You will be asked to fast (not eat or drink) for 8 hours before the procedure, generally later on midnight.
If y'all are pregnant or recall y'all could be, tell your healthcare provider.
Tell your healthcare provider if you are sensitive to or are allergic to any medicines, iodine, latex, tape, or anesthetic agents (local and general).
Exist sure your healthcare provider knows about all medicines (prescription and over-the-counter), vitamins, herbs, and supplements that you are taking.
Tell your healthcare provider if yous take a history of bleeding disorders or if yous are taking whatsoever anticoagulant (blood-thinning) medicine, aspirin, or other medicines that impact blood clotting. Y'all may be told to stop some of these medicines before surgery.
Your healthcare provider may practice a claret test before surgery to see how long it takes your claret to clot.
Tell your healthcare provider if you have a pacemaker or any other implanted cardiac devices.
If you smoke, stop smoking as soon as possible. This improves your chances for a successful recovery from surgery and benefits your overall health status.
Based on your medical status, your healthcare provider may request other specific preparation.

What happens during heart valve repair or replacement surgery?

Eye valve repair or replacement surgery requires a stay in a infirmary. Procedures may vary depending on your condition and your healthcare providers practice.

Generally, open-heart valve repair or replacement follows this procedure:

You will be asked to remove any jewelry or other objects that may interfere with the process.
You will alter into a hospital gown and empty your bladder.
The surgical team will position yous on the operating tabular array, lying on your back.
A healthcare professional person will offset an intravenous (4) line in your arm or hand for injection of medicine and to give IV fluids. More than catheters will exist put in claret vessels your neck and wrist to monitor the status of your eye and claret pressure, and to take blood samples.
The anesthesiologist will continuously monitor your heart rate, claret pressure, breathing, and blood oxygen level during the surgery.
Your doctor will put a breathing tube through your mouth into your lungs and connect yous to a ventilator, a machine that will breathe for you during the surgery.
Your dr. will identify a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) probe into your esophagus (swallowing tube) and then he or she can monitor the function of the valves.
A soft, flexible tube (called a Foley catheter) will be put into your float to drain urine.
A tube will be put through your rima oris or nose into your stomach to bleed stomach fluids.
Someone on the surgical team volition clean the skin over your chest with an antiseptic solution. If at that place is a lot of hair at the surgical site, it may be shaved off.
If you are having an open up-eye surgery, your healthcare provider volition make an incision (cut) downwards the center of the chest from just beneath the Adam's apple to but above the omphalos. If yous are having a less invasive process it may require smaller incisions.
The sternum (breastbone) volition exist cutting in half lengthwise. The healthcare provider will separates the halves of the breastbone and spread them autonomously to betrayal your heart.
To practise the valve repair or replacement, your doctor must stop your heart. He or she will put tubes into the heart and then that the claret can be pumped through your body by a heart-lung featherbed machine while your heart is stopped.
One time the blood has been completely diverted into the bypass machine for pumping, your doctor will terminate your heart by injecting it with a common cold solution.
When the heart has stopped, your doctor volition remove the diseased valve and put in the artificial valve, in the case of a valve replacement. For a valve repair, the procedure done will depend on the type of valve trouble y'all take, for example, your doctor may separate fused valve leaflets, repair torn leaflets, or reshape valve parts to ensure better function.
Once the surgery is washed, your doctor will shock your centre with small paddles to restart your heartbeat. Next, he or she will permit claret circulating through the bypass car to re-enter your heart and remove the tubes to the machine.
One time your heart is beating again, your doc volition scout it to see how well the heart and valves are working and be certain that there are no leaks from the surgery.
Your doctor may put wires for pacing into your middle. He or she can attach these wires to a pacemaker outside your torso for a short time and your heart tin can be paced, if needed, during the initial recovery period.
Your doc will rejoin the sternum sewing information technology together with modest wires (like those sometimes used to repair a broken bone).
Your doctor will put tubes into your chest to drain blood and other fluids from effectually the heart.
Your doctor volition run up the skin over the sternum back together and shut the incision with sutures or surgical staples.
A fellow member of the surgical team will apply a sterile bandage or dressing.

What happens after heart valve repair or replacement surgery?

In the hospital

Later the surgery, a member of the surgical team will have you to a recovery room and afterwards the intensive care unit (ICU) to be closely monitored for several days. A nurse will connect you to machines that volition constantly display your electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing, claret pressure, other pressure readings, breathing rate, and your oxygen level. Open-heart valve repair or replacement surgery generally requires an in-infirmary stay of several days or longer.

You will virtually likely have a tube in your throat that'southward connected to a ventilator to help y'all breath until you are stable enough to exhale on your ain. As y'all wake upwards from the anesthesia more and start to breathe by yourself, your doctor can accommodate the breathing motorcar to allow you to take over more of the breathing. When yous are awake enough to exhale completely by yourself and are able to coughing, your doctor volition remove the animate tube. He or she may besides remove the tummy tube at this time.

After the breathing tube is out, a nurse volition help yous cough and have deep breaths every couple of hours. This will be uncomfortable due to soreness, but it is very important that you exercise this to continue mucus from collecting in your lungs and possibly causing pneumonia. Your nurse will testify you how to hug a pillow tightly against your chest while coughing to assist ease the discomfort.

You volition get pain medicine if you are pain. Enquire for the medicine before you get extremely uncomfortable.

Yous may be on Four (intravenous) medicines to assistance your blood pressure and your center and to command whatsoever problems with bleeding. As your condition stabilizes, your doctor will gradually decrease then stop these medicines. He or she will likewise remove any pacing wires in your centre you may have.

One time your doctor has removed the animate and stomach tubes and y'all are stable, you may start to beverage liquids. You can start eating more solid foods every bit presently every bit you tin can tolerate them.

When your healthcare provider decides that you are ready, y'all will be moved from the ICU to a surgical unit or astute intendance unit. Your recovery volition continue in that location. Your activeness will be gradually increased equally you go out of bed and walk around for longer periods.

A member of your healthcare squad will arrange for you to go habitation and schedule a follow-up visit with your healthcare provider.

At home

In one case you are dwelling house, it will be important to keep the surgical area clean and dry. You lot will be given specific bathing instructions. Your doctor volition remove the sutures or surgical staples during a follow-up office visit, if they were not removed before leaving the hospital.

Do not bulldoze until your healthcare provider tells you lot it's OK. Other activity restrictions may use.

Tell your healthcare provider right abroad if yous accept any of these:

Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or chills (these may be a sign of infection)
Redness, swelling, bleeding, or drainage from the incision site or any of the catheter sites
Increase in pain effectually the incision site
Trouble breathing
Increased swelling in the legs or belly
Like shooting fish in a barrel bruising
Persistent nausea or airsickness
Rapid or irregular pulse
Weakness in the artillery and legs

Your healthcare provider may give yous other instructions later on the process, depending on your situation.

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